Sources:

• Encyclopedia Britannica Online
• Ross, Donald, and James J. Schramer, eds. American Travel Writers, 1776-1864: Vol. 183. Detroit: Gale Research, 1997.
• _____. American Travel Writers, 1850-1914: Vol. 189. Detroit: Gale Research, 1988.

In her early career Agassiz accompanied her husband, a Swiss naturalist, on scientific expeditions and with him founded the Anderson School of Natural History in Buzzard's Bay, Massachusetts. She took up the cause of women's education after the death of her husband in 1873, and in 1879 helped to found the "Harvard Annex," taking up the position of president when it became the "Society for the Collegiate Instruction of Women" in 1882. In 1894 the institution became Radcliffe College. Agassiz continued to serve as its active president until 1899. Her other writings include: A First Lesson in Natural History (1859) and Louis Agassiz: His Life and Correspondence, 2 vol. (1885).

Seaside Studies in Natural History (with Alexander Agassiz). Boston: Ticknor and

Fields, 1865.

BIO-MED Wangensteen: 591.92 Ag16

A Journey in Brazil (with Alexander Agassiz). Boston: Ticknor and Fields, 1869.

WILS Annex: 918.1 Ag1

WILS: Mfilm 3053 no. 2087

"An Amazonia Picnic," Atlantic Monthly, 17 (March 1866): 313-323.

"A Dredging Expedition in the Gulf Stream," Atlantic Monthly, 24 (October 1869): 507-

517; (November 1869): 571-578.

"The Hassler Glacier in the Straits of Magellan," Atlantic Monthly, 30 (October 1872):

472-478.

"In the Straits of Magellan," Atlantic Monthly, 31 (January 1873): 89-95.

"A Cruise Through the Galapagos," Atlantic Monthly, 31 (May 1873): 579-584.

Bell graduated from Oxford with a first in history in 1887, and went on to various pursuits that placed her in the midst of intellectual and political activity in the Middle East. In the years prior to the First World War, her writings included: Safar Nameh (1894), Poems from the Divan of Hafiz (1897), The Desert and the Sown (1907), The Thousand and One Churches (1909), and Amurath to Amurath (1911). During the war she worked in England and France, but afterwards turned her attention to the Middle East where she wrote a governmental report on the administration of Mesopotamia in the immediate post-war period. She helped to secure the throne of Iraq for Faysal I in 1921. In the final years of her life, Bell dedicated herself to establishing an archeological museum in Baghdad where she emphasized the practice of keeping artifacts within their country of origin.

Amurath to Amurath. London: Macmillan and Co., Ltd., 1924.

Bly was the pen-name of Elizabeth Cochrane who, after beginning her newspaper career in Pittsburgh, became a star reporter for the New York World and gained renown for her trip around the world in just over 72 days. While in Pittsburgh, the subjects of her articles ranged from divorce to slum life. After joining the World, she feigned insanity to do an expose on the conditions in the asylum on Blackwell's Island. Later, in 1889, the World sent her on a trip around the world to see if she might break the fictional record set by Jules Verne in his novel Around the World in Eighty Days. Constant updates kept the World's readers in suspense. Bly married the millionaire Robert Seaman in 1895, but was forced to return to newpaper work on The New York Journal in 1920 because of financial difficulties after his death.

Six Months in Mexico. New York: Munro, 1888.

Nellie Bly's Book: Around the World in Seventy-Two Days. New York: Pictorial

Weeklies, 1890.

*specifically check articles in the New York World

Arabia, Egypt, India: A Narrative of Travel. London: W. Mullan and Son, 1879.

WILS Ames: DS413 .B97

The Inner Life of Syria, Palestine, and the Holy Land. London: 1884.

WILS Annex: 915.69 B955

Lady Burton's Edition of Her Husband's Arabian Nights. London: Waterlow and Sons,

Ltd., 1886-1887.

WILS Annex: 892.7 Ar1Ebb

WILS: 892.7 Ar1Ebb

The Life of Captain Sir Richard F. Burton. London: Chapman and Hall, 1893.

WILS: 921 B95ba

WILS Ames: G246B8 B8 1898

WILS Annex: 921 B95b

The Romance of Isabel, Lady Burton; the Story of Her Life. London: Hutchinson and

Co., 1897.

WILS Ames: G246 .B75 A4 1897b

WILS: 921 B949

WILS: Mfilm 3053 no. 3926

Letters from India. London: R. Bentley, 1872.

WILS Ames: DS412 .E23x 1872.

Up the Country: Letters Written to Her Sister from the Upper Provinces of India.

London: Oxford University Press, 1930.

WILS: 915.4 Ed2

WILS Ames: DS413 .E22 1930

WILS: DS413 .E22 1983

WILS: Mfilm 3053 no. 2211

Egypt and its Monuments: Pharoahs, Fellahs and Explorers. New York: Harper and

Brothers, 1891.

WILS Annex: 962A Ed9a

A Midsummer Ramble in the Dolomites. London: G. Routledge and Sons, Ltd., 1889.

WILS Annex: 914.364 Ed9

WILS: DG975 .D67 E39 1987

A Night on the Borders of the Black Forest. New York: F.A. Stokes Co., 1890.

WILS: 825Ed95 ON

Pharaohs, Fellahs and Explorers. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1892.

WILS Annex: 962A Ed9 (2 copies)

A Thousand Miles Up the Nile. New York: H.M. Caldwell, 1888.

WILS: DT54 .E26 1888 (2 copies)

WILS Annex: 916.2 Ed9a (2 copies)

Jessie Benton Fremont acted as the invaluable literary assistant to her husband, John Charles Fremont whose explorations in the American West provided valuable information for the further expansion of American interests. Born Jessie Anne Benton, she was the daughter of Thomas Hart Benton, a Missouri senator. Although her parents at first objected to her marriage to Fremont, they were married in 1841. Jessie was both an editor and secretary for her husband's expeditions to the West, and when the couple faced financial problems, her essays on her American and European travels were collected into her own works. Jessie displayed a dramatic flair in her writing, yet these very qualities contributed to the success of her husband's reports.

A Year of American Travel. New York: Harper, 1878.

WILS Annex: 917.3 F886

WILS: Mfilm 3053 no. 2680

WILS Rare Books: 917.3 F886

Souvenirs of My Time. Boston: D. Lothrop, 1887.

WILS Annex: 973.6 F878s

WILS: Mfilm 3053 no. 3284

Far-West Sketches. Boston: D. Lothrop, 1890.

WILS Annex: 975 F886

Other:

Herr, Pamela, and Mary Lee Spence eds. The Letters of Jessie Benton Fremont.

Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1993.

WILS: E415.9 .F79 F74 1993

Fuller was a literary critic and teacher who took part in the Transcendentalist movement and worked to improve the education and perception of women's roles in society. She taught school in the late 1830s, and published a translation of Eckermann's Conversations with Goethe in 1839. Her friendship with Ralph Waldo Emerson led her to the position of editor of the The Dial, a magazine begun by the Transcendentalists in 1840. She published poetry and critiques in the journal, but was forced to leave her position because the magazine had become unprofitable by 1842. Fuller continued to press for the education of women and published Woman in the Nineteenth Century (1845) that advocated both political rights and intellectual and emotional fulfillment. In 1844, she became a literary critic for the New York Tribune. Travelling to Europe in 1846, she continued by acting as a foreign correspondent for the Tribune. She was caught up in revolutionary politics in Italy, and married Giovanni Angelo, Marchese Ossoli. Later, she and her husband along with their young son were lost in a shipwreck as they journeyed to the United States.

Summer on the Lakes, in 1843. Edited by Arthur B. Fuller. Boston: Little, Brown/New

York: C.S. Francis, 1844.

WILS: 917.43 Os7 (New York: Haskell House, 1970, reprint of 1844)

WILS: Mfilm 3053 no. 1480

The Letters of Margaret Fuller. Edited by Robert N. Hudspeth. Ithaca, NY: Cornell

University Press, 1983-1994.

WILS: PS2506 .A4 1983

Memoirs of Margaret Fuller Ossoli. Boston: Sampson and Company, 1857.

WILS Annex: 810s7 BO v.1, v. 2

WILS: Mfilm 3053 no. 1928

At Home and Abroad, or Things and Thoughts in America and Europe. Boston,

Crosby, Nichols, and Co., 1856.

WILS: 810s7 Oat

WILS: Mfilm 3053 no. 1925

Letters From the Cape. London: Oxford University Press, 1927.

WILS: 916.87 D87

Letters From Egypt, 1863-65. London: Macmillan, 1865.

WILS: DT54 .D84 1983

WILS: 916.2 D873

Sophia Peabody was born in Salem, Massachusetts in 1809 and as a young girl was well-educated. However, she was plagued by poor health and displayed an acute sensitivity to noise that was to trouble her throughout her life. Between 1828 and 1833 she was considered an invalid and was confined to her home. She was a prodigious journal-keeper, though many of her writings would remain private for many years. In 1833 she travelled to Cuba in an attempt to restore her health. While there, she wrote letters home described everything from the flora and fauna, to the workings of slave plantation and the bustle of Havana. She married Nathaniel Hawthorne in 1842 after a five-year courtship and later accompanied him on travels to both England and Italy. Her Notes in England and Italy was published in 1869 because of her need for money after Nathaniel's death.

Notes in England and Italy. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1875.

WILS: Rare Books 914.5 H318

The Cuba Journal, 1833-1835. (facsimile) Edited by Claire Badaracco. Ann Arbor:

University Microfilms, 1985.

Notes of Travel (with Nathaniel Hawthorne). Boston: Little, Brown, and Co., 1900.

WILS: 81H31 ON v.1, v.2, v.3, v.4

Howe was a lecturer, author, and composer best known for her "Battle Hymn of the Republic." Married to Samuel Gridley Howe, who was both a teacher of the blind and a reformer, Howe had her "Battle Hymn" published in The Atlantic Monthly in early 1862. Howe worked for professional, educational, and economic opportunities for women and took a particular interest in the fate of Civil War widows.

A Trip to Cuba. Boston: Ticknor and Fields, 1860.

WILS Rare Books: 81H829 OT

From the Oak to the Olive. A Plain record of a Pleasant Journey. Boston: Lee and

Shepard, 1868.

Reminiscences, 1819-1899. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1900.

WILSON Annex: 81H829 BH829

BIO-MED Wangensteen (no call number -- microfiche)

The daughter of a professor at Amherst College, Jackson spent her early married life travelling from military post to military post with her husband Captain Edward Hunt and two young sons. After her husband's death in 1863 she became a writer, and later travelled to Colorado after marrying William Jackson in 1875.

Bits of Travel. Boston: JR Osgood and Co., 1872.

WILS: 81J12 OB

Bits of Travel at Home. Boston: Roberts, 1878.

WILS: 81J12 OBi

Letters from the United States, Cuba and Canada. New York: G.P. Putnam and

Company, 1856.

WILS Annex: 917.3 M961

Sedgwick earned national acclaim during her lifetime for the way in which she used particularly American themes in work that investigated manners, morals, and ideals. Early in her career she focused upon fiction, but after 1835 turned to lessons on etiquette, moral stories, and lessons for children. Sedgwick grew up in an intellectually active household and later maintained close contacts with her brothers' families after choosing not to marry. Sedgwick enjoyed the American landscape and frequently worked descriptions, particularly of her native Berkshire region, into her prose. In Letters From Abroad…, Sedgwick focuses upon comparing Europe with America, though she candidly admits that she is making a contribution to an already heavily-covered field. Nonetheless, she seems to find that America, in both scenery and manners, is better than the Old World.

Letters from Abroad to Kindred at Home, 2 vols. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1841.

WILS: Annex 914 Se28

WILS: Mfilm 3053 no. 1505

Trained as a schoolteacher, Sigourney devoted her life to writing after her marriage to Charles Sigourney in 1819. During her career, she wrote 67 books and over a thousand articles that were read in Europe as well as the United States. She generally focused upon moral and religious themes, highlighting death and piety as important subjects. Her best-known work in prose was Letters to Young Ladies, published in 1833.

Lays from the West. Edited by Joseph Belcher. London: Ward, 1834.

Pleasant Memories of Pleasant Lands. Boston: J. Munroe and Co., 1842

WILS: 81Si2 Opl

Mfilm: 3053 no. 1511

Scenes in My Native Land. Boston: J. Munroe and Co., 1845.

WILS: 917.3 Si26

WILS: Mfilm 3053 no. 1512

The Condition of Woman in the United States: A Traveler's Notes. New York: Arno

Press, 1895.

WILS: 304.7 B591E

WILS: Mfilm: 3053 no. 3857

Mary-Go-Round the World: A Cruise Around the World with Frank C. Clark. Arkansas

City, KA: Mary Marsh Tyler, 1924.

Born into upper-class New York society, Wharton was educated both at home and in Europe. She married Edward Wharton, a Boston banker, and was able to reinvigorate literary pursuits she had begun as a young girl. She drew upon the model set by Henry James, whom she knew personally. Her 1905 novel The House of Mirth established her as an important writer. She had a number of successes over the next two decades and her novel The Age of Innocence garnered a Pulitzer Prize in 1920. She lived in France after 1907 and only occasionally visited the United States. She was divorced from her husband in 1913. Her autobiography, A Backward Glance, was published in 1934.

A Backward Glance. New York: Appleton-Century Co., 1934.

WILS: 81W55 BW55 (2 copies, 1 lost)

WILS: PS3545 .H16 Z5x 1964

A Motorflight Through France. Amiens: Sterne, 1992.

WILS: PS3545 .H16 Z52x 1992

Fighting France, from Dunkerque to Belfort. Toronto: McLeod and Allen, 1915.

WILS: 940.918 W555

In Morocco. New York: C. Scribner's Sons, 1920.

WILS: DT310 . W5

WILS: 916.4 W555

The Cruise of the Vanadis (edited by Claudine Lesage). Amiens: Sterne, 1992.

WILS: PS3545 .H16 Z52x 1992

Italian Backgrounds. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1905.

WILS: DG428 .W44x

WILS: 914.5 W555

Italian Villas and Their Gardens. New York: The Century Co., 1904.

ANDERSEN Ref: DG420 .W55 1904 (2 copies)

ARCHITECTURE AND LANDSCAPE Arch Rsv: Quarto 720.945 .3 W55

ARCHITECTURE AND LANDSCAPE: NA7594 .W46 1976

WILS Annex: Quarto 710 W55 (2 copies)

Woolson's writings were as diverse as her own life, ranging from stories set in the Midwest, to portraits of the American South during Reconstruction to descriptions of Italy. Her work included four novels, a novella, short stories and poetry, travel sketches and reviews. Born in New Hampshire in 1840, Woolson moved to Ohio with her family and later travelled around the Great Lakes region; her experiences would later provide the setting for some of her first work. Between 1873 and 1879 Woolson lived primarily in the South and was one of the earliest writers to draw a sympathetic portrait of the plight of southerners in the years after the Civil War. In the 1880s, Woolson travelled to Europe and continued to write, using Italy as the setting for many of her works. While residing in Venice finally succombed to ill-health and, suffering from what was perhaps a combination of fever, depression, and delirium, fell to her death from her bedroom window in 1894. Woolson's writings received high acclaim in her own lifetime, and though largely overlooked by twentieth-century audiences have recently received new attention from feminist critics.

Mentone, Cairo, and Corfu. New York: Harper, 1896.

Castle Nowhere: Lake-Country Sketches. Boston: Osgood, 1875. London: Trubner,

1875.

"Up the Ashley and Cooper," Harper's Monthly, December 1875.

Writing and travelling with her husband, William Hunter Workman, Fanny Bullock Workman was a pioneer woman traveller who consistently defied accepted norms for women's behavior at the turn of the century. When health problems forced William to retire from the medical profession in 1889, the two began their world-wide travels that at first included travels to Europe and Asia, and later expeditions to the Himalayas. The Workmans pioneered the use of the bicycle as a means of long-distance travel in the 1890s and tested their mountaineering skills in the Himalayas. Indeed, Fanny set the world 's record for women climbers by reaching 22,737 feet on Pinnacle Peak. The Workmans wrote their travel literature in a single voice, yet included important remarks on the condition of women in the areas they visited. The reactions of various populations to a woman riding a bicycle are also of particular note. In her travels and writing Fanny displayed a consistent concern with advancing the rights of women, displaying a sign on top of one mountain, "Votes for Women."

Algerian Memories: A Bicycle Tour over the Atlas to the Sahara (with William Hunter

Workman).

Sketches Awheel in fin de Siecle Iberia (also published as Sketches Awheel in Modern

Iberia)

Baltistan.

London, T.F. Unwin, 1900.

WILS Preservation: DS485 .H6 W9

People of the Indian Plain.

WILS Ames (Rare Books): DS485 .K2 W87x 1908a

in the Punjab Himalaya. London: Constable and Company, Ltd., 1909.

WILS Ames (Rare Books): DS485 .H6 W88

Punjab Himalaya. London: Constable and Company, Ltd., 1910.

WILS Ames (Rare Books): DS485 .H6 W95

Hundred Square Miles of Mountain and Glacier. London: Unwin, 1917.

WILS Ames (Rare Books): DS485 .K2 W9

Other:

"Among the Great Himalyan Glaciers," National Geographic Magazine, 3 (November 1920): 405-406.

Brown, Sharon Rogers. American Travel Narratives as a Literary Genre from 1542 to

1832: The Art of a Perpetual Journey. Lewiston, NY: E. Mellen Press, 1993.

WILS: PS366 .T73 B76 1993

Hubach, Robert Rogers. Early Midwestern Travel Narratives. Detroit: Wayne State

University Press, 1961.

WILS: Quarto 016.9743 H861

Mills, Sara. Discourses of Difference: An Analysis of Women's Travel Writing and

Colonialism. London: Routledge, 1991.

WILS: PR 788 .T72 M5 1991 (2 copies)

Robinson, Jane, ed. Unsuitable for Ladies: An Anthology of Women Travellers. Oxford:

Oxford University Press, 1994.

WILS: G465 .W65 1994 (2 copies)

Schriber, Mary Suzanne, ed. Telling Travels: Selected Writings by Nineteenth-Century

American Women Abroad. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1995.

WILS: PS .T73 T45 1995

_____. Writing Home: American Women Abroad, 1830-1920. Charlottesville, VA:

University Press of Virginia, 1997.

WILS: PS366 .T73 S37 1997

Tinling, Marion, ed. With Women's Eyes: Visitors to the New World, 1775-1918.

Hamden, CT: Archon Books, 1993.

WILS: E161.5 .W57 1993